W-Shape & I-Beams
W-Shape (Wide Flange) beams are the most common structural members used in modern construction for columns and primary beams. Their parallel flanges provide superior resistance to bending.
HSS (Hollow Sections)
Hollow Structural Sections provide excellent torque resistance and are visually cleaner for architectural steel applications like sheds, frames, and truss systems.
L-Angles & C-Channels
Used for bracing and support frames. Angles provide structural rigidity in trusses, while Channels are ideal for stair strings and wall supports.
ASTM A36 Standards
Most structural steel in this calculator assumes a carbon steel density of 7,850 kg/m³. A36 is the standard for mild steel used in bridges and buildings.